Leave Frames

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgements
List of Tables
List of Figures
Nomenclature
Abstract

I. Introduction

The Vapor Compression Cycle
Direct Thermally Driven Heat Pumps
Dual Pressure Direct Thermally Driven Heat Pumps
Single Pressure Direct Thermally Driven Heat Pumps
The Ammonia-Water-Hydrogen Cycle
The Einstein Cycle
Literature Review
Einstein Patent Review
Cycle Models
Bubble Pumps
Overview of Current Study

II. Property Modeling

Introduction
Background
Property Models
Experimental Mixture Data
Equations of State
The Ideal Gas Equation of State
Cubic Equations of State
The Patel Teja Cubic Equation of State
Fugacity and the Enthalpy and Entropy Departures for a Pure Substance
Enthalpy and Entropy Departures
Property Calculation at a State
The Patel-Teja Cubic Equation of State for Mixtures
Mixing and Combining Rules
Enthalpy and Entropy Departures for a mixture
Property Calculation at a State for a Mixture
Fugacity for a component, i, in a mixture
Equilibrium States in Mixtures
Single Phase, Non-Saturated Equilibrium States
Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium and Single Phase, Saturated Equilibrium States
Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium States
Vapor-Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium States
Adjustable Parameters for the Patel Teja Equation of State for the Mixtures in this Study
Conclusion

III. Cycle Thermodynamic Model

The Evaporator
The Pre-Cooler
The Condenser/Absorber
The Generator
The Bubble Pump

IV. Bubble Pump Performance

Analytical Results
Experimental Setup
Experimental Results

V. Cycle Thermodynamic Performance

Base Case Performance, The Maximum Lift, and Variable Performance
Variation of System Pressure, Generator, Condenser, and Evaporator Temperatures
Variation of Finite Heat Exchanger Pinch Points
Process Second Law Analysis
Conceptual Demonstration Prototype

VI. Alternative Working Fluids Performance

Introduction
Refrigerant Fluid Alternatives
Pressure Equalizing Fluid Alternatives
Results
Alternative Fluid Base Case
Alternative Fluid Maximum Lift Case

VII. Conclusions and Recommendations

Conclusions
Recommendations

A. Analytical Solution of a Cubic Equation
B. Patel-Teja Equation Of State Parameters
C. Engineering Equation Solver Program Listings

References